Share this story

FOX NEWS

The mugshot of a Minnesota woman arrested for allegedly

E NEWS

Watch: Celebrity Deaths 2026: Catherine O’Hara, Eric Dane &

SPORTS ILLUSTRATED

For the first time ever, Michigan football will take

Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Group B Streptococcus Rectovaginal Colonization Rates and Serotype Distribution among Pregnant Women, Asia-Pacific Region, 2014–2025

Liu  L, Oza  S, Hogan  D, Chu  Y, Perin  J, Zhu  J, et al. Global, regional, and national causes of under-5 mortality in 2000–15: an updated systematic analysis with implications for the Sustainable Development Goals. Lancet. 2016;388:3027–35. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar

Gonçalves  BP, Procter  SR, Paul  P, Chandna  J, Lewin  A, Seedat  F, et al. GBS Danish and Dutch collaborative group for long term outcomes; GBS Low and Middle Income Countries collaborative group for long term outcomes; GBS Scientific Advisory Group, epidemiological sub-group; CHAMPS team. Group B streptococcus infection during pregnancy and infancy: estimates of regional and global burden. Lancet Glob Health. 2022;10:e807–19. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar

Seale  AC, Bianchi-Jassir  F, Russell  NJ, Kohli-Lynch  M, Tann  CJ, Hall  J, et al. Estimates of the burden of group B streptococcal disease worldwide for pregnant women, stillbirths, and children. Clin Infect Dis. 2017;65:S200–19. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar

Paul  P, Gonçalves  BP, Le Doare  K, Lawn  JE. 20 million pregnant women with group B Streptococcus carriage: consequences, challenges, and opportunities for prevention. Curr Opin Pediatr. 2023;35:223–30. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar

Schuchat  A, Group  B. Streptococcus. Lancet. 1999;353:51–6. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar

Panneflek  TJR, Hasperhoven  GF, Chimwaza  Y, Allen  C, Lavin  T, Te Pas  AB, et al. Intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis to prevent Group B streptococcal infections in newborn infants: a systematic review and meta-analysis comparing various strategies. EClinicalMedicine. 2024;74:102748. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar

Snider  JB, Mithal  LB, Kwah  JH, Rhodes  NJ, Son  M. Antibiotic choice for group B Streptococcus prophylaxis in mothers with reported penicillin allergy and associated newborn outcomes. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2023;23:400. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar

Le Doare  K, O’Driscoll  M, Turner  K, Seedat  F, Russell  NJ, Seale  AC, et al.; GBS Intrapartum Antibiotic Investigator Group. Intrapartum antibiotic chemoprophylaxis policies for the prevention of group B streptococcal disease worldwide: systematic review. Clin Infect Dis. 2017;65:S143–51. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar

HogenEsch E, De Mucio B, Haddad LB, Vilajeliu A, Ropero AM, Yildirim I, et al. Differences in maternal group B Streptococcus screening rates in Latin American countries. Vaccine. 2021;39:B3–11. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar

Llor  C, Bjerrum  L. Antimicrobial resistance: risk associated with antibiotic overuse and initiatives to reduce the problem. Ther Adv Drug Saf. 2014;5:229–41. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar

Russell  NJ, Seale  AC, O’Driscoll  M, O’Sullivan  C, Bianchi-Jassir  F, Gonzalez-Guarin  J, et al.; GBS Maternal Colonization Investigator Group. Maternal colonization with group B Streptococcus and serotype distribution worldwide: systematic review and meta-analyses. Clin Infect Dis. 2017;65:S100–11. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar

Kwatra  G, Cunnington  MC, Merrall  E, Adrian  PV, Ip  M, Klugman  KP, et al. Prevalence of maternal colonisation with group B Streptococcus: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Infect Dis. 2016;16:1076–84. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar

Bianchi-Jassir  F, Paul  P, To  KN, Carreras-Abad  C, Seale  AC, Jauneikaite  E, et al. Systematic review of group B streptococcal capsular types, sequence types and surface proteins as potential vaccine candidates. Vaccine. 2020;38:6682–94. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar

Li  L, Wang  X, Li  D, Liu  Z. Serum inflammatory and coagulation markers in GBS infection and adverse pregnancy outcomes. Biomark Med. 2026;20:17–25 .DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar

Lai  X, Chen  M, Wang  J, Wang  J, Lv  H, Xie  H, et al. CAMP-negative Streptococcus agalactiae strains exhibited complete or partial chromosomal deletions of the CAMP-factor encoding gene cfb. Microbiol Spectr. 2025;13:e0325724 .DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar

Chen  Y, Liu  L, Liu  J, Ji  T, Gao  Y, Yang  D, et al. Serotype distribution, antimicrobial resistance, and molecular characterization of group B Streptococcus isolates from Chinese pregnant woman. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2024;37:2295805 .DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar

Li  X, Gao  W, Jia  Z, Yao  K, Yang  J, Tong  J, et al. Characterization of group B Streptococcus recovered from pregnant women and newborns attending in a hospital in Beijing, China. Infect Drug Resist. 2023;16:2549–59 .DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar

Wang  X, Cao  X, Li  S, Ou  Q, Lin  D, Yao  Z, et al. Phenotypic and molecular characterization of Streptococcus agalactiae colonized in Chinese pregnant women: predominance of ST19/III and ST17/III. Res Microbiol. 2018;169:101–7 .DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar

Ji  W, Zhang  L, Guo  Z, Xie  S, Yang  W, Chen  J, et al. Colonization prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility of group B Streptococcus in pregnant women over a 6-year period in Dongguan, China. PLoS One. 2017;12:e0183083 .DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar

Wang  P, Tong  JJ, Ma  XH, Song  FL, Fan  L, Guo  CM, et al. Serotypes, antibiotic susceptibilities, and multi-locus sequence type profiles of Streptococcus agalactiae isolates circulating in Beijing, China. PLoS One. 2015;10:e0120035 .DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar

Lu  B, Li  D, Cui  Y, Sui  W, Huang  L, Lu  X. Epidemiology of group B Streptococcus isolated from pregnant women in Beijing, China. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2014;20:O370–3 .DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar

Nakano  S, Hasegawa  Y, Koide  S, Hosaka  Y, Ishida-Kuroki  K, Kawakami  S, et al. Increased recovery of Streptococcus agalactiae from vaginal-rectal swabs using a selective enrichment broth medium. J Obstet Gynaecol Res. 2025;51:e70084 .DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar

Kawaguchiya  M, Urushibara  N, Aung  MS, Shimada  S, Nakamura  M, Ito  M, et al. Molecular characterization and antimicrobial resistance of Streptococcus agalactiae isolated from pregnant women in Japan, 2017–2021. IJID Reg. 2022;4:143–5 .DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar

Shibata  M, Morozumi  M, Maeda  N, Komiyama  O, Shiro  H, Iwata  S, et al. Relationship between intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis and group B streptococcal colonization dynamics in Japanese mother–neonate pairs. J Infect Chemother. 2021;27:977–83 .DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar

Takayama  Y, Matsui  H, Adachi  Y, Nihonyanagi  S, Wada  T, Mochizuki  J, et al. Detection of Streptococcus agalactiae by immunochromatography with group B Streptococcus–specific surface immunogenic protein in pregnant women. J Infect Chemother. 2017;23:678–82 .DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar

Choi  SJ, Kang  J, Uh  Y. Recent epidemiological changes in group B Streptococcus among pregnant Korean women. Ann Lab Med. 2021;41:380–5 .DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar

Lee  HT, Kim  SY, Park  PW, Ahn  JY, Kim  KH, Seo  JY, et al. Detection and genomic analysis of genital group B Streptococcus in pregnant Korean women. J Obstet Gynaecol Res. 2019;45:69–77 .DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar

Nguyen  VL, Dao  HN, Le  VTH, Nguyen  AV, Ha  VTT, Nguyen  QTN, et al. Prevalence, risk factors, and serotypes of group B Streptococcus rectovaginal colonization among pregnant women: a cross-sectional study at three hospitals in Hanoi, Vietnam. Ther Adv Infect Dis. 2025;12:20499361251365028 .DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar

Hanh  TQ, Van Du  V, Hien  PT, Chinh  DD, Loi  CB, Dung  NM, et al. Prevalence and capsular type distribution of group B Streptococcus isolated from vagina of pregnant women in Nghe An province, Vietnam. Iran J Microbiol. 2020;12:11–7.PubMedGoogle Scholar

Kwatra  G, Izu  A, Cutland  C, Akaba  G, Ali  MM, Ahmed  Z, et al. Prevalence of group B Streptococcus colonisation in mother–newborn dyads in low-income and middle-income south Asian and African countries: a prospective, observational study. Lancet Microbe. 2024;5:100897 .DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar

Gogoi  M, Das  MK, Das  JK, Barman  N, Das  P, Devi  U, et al. Group B Streptococcus colonising the genital tract of pregnant women from Dibrugarh, Assam: circulating serotypes, susceptibility pattern and phylogenetic analysis. J Clin Diagn Res. 2021;15:DC13–8 .DOIGoogle Scholar

Saha  SK, Ahmed  ZB, Modak  JK, Naziat  H, Saha  S, Uddin  MA, et al. Group B Streptococcus among pregnant women and newborns in Mirzapur, Bangladesh: colonization, vertical transmission, and serotype distribution. J Clin Microbiol. 2017;55:2406–12 .DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar

Mumtaz  M, Saleem  S, Sattar  A, Waheed  A, Jahan  S, Gill  M. Identification of serotypes of non-typeable group b streptococci by polymerase chain reaction. [cited 2026 Mar 5]. https://pjmhsonline.com/2020/jan_march/pdf/338.pdf

Sapugahawatte  DN, Li  C, Liyanapathirana  V, Kandauda  C, Gihan  C, Zhu  C, et al. Colonization of group B Streptococcus in pregnant women and their neonates from a Sri Lankan hospital. Pathogens. 2022;11:386 .DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar

Safari  D, Gultom  SM, Tafroji  W, Azzahidah  A, Soesanti  F, Khoeri  MM, et al. Prevalence, serotype and antibiotic susceptibility of group B Streptococcus isolated from pregnant women in Jakarta, Indonesia. PLoS One. 2021;16:e0252328 .DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar

Furfaro  LL, Nathan  EA, Chang  BJ, Payne  MS, Group  B. Streptococcus prevalence, serotype distribution and colonization dynamics in Western Australian pregnant women. J Med Microbiol. 2019;68:728–40 .DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar

Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Health at a glance: Asia/Pacific 2024. [cited 2026 Mar 5]. https://www.oecd.org/en/publications/health-at-a-glance-asia-pacific-2024_51fed7e9-en/full-report/neonatal-mortality_7e9a9a5f.html

Orwa  SA, Gudnadottir  U, Boven  A, Pauwels  I, Versporten  A, Vlieghe  E, et al. Global prevalence of antibiotic consumption during pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Infect. 2024;89:106189. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar

Megli  CJ, DePuyt  AE, Goff  JP, Munyoki  SK, Hooven  TA, Jašarević  E. Diet influences community dynamics following vaginal group B Streptococcus colonization. Microbiol Spectr. 2024;12:e0362323. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar

Esmaon  R, Lim  BK, Gan  F, Hamdan  M, Tan  PC. Sexual activity, vaginal symptoms, maternal perineal hygiene behavior, and constipation on ano-vaginal colonization of group B Streptococcus in near term pregnancy. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2024;24:461. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar

Madrid  L, Seale  AC, Kohli-Lynch  M, Edmond  KM, Lawn  JE, Heath  PT, et al.; Infant GBS Disease Investigator Group. Infant group B streptococcal disease incidence and serotypes worldwide: systematic review and meta-analyses. Clin Infect Dis. 2017;65:S160–72. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar

Wong  HK, Lam  KL, Tsang  AK, Hung  DL, Ng  T, Au  AK, et al. A large outbreak of invasive group B Streptococcus sequence type 283 infection linked to physical contact of freshwater fish. Epidemiol Infect. 2025;153:e76 .DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar

Madhi  SA, Anderson  AS, Absalon  J, Radley  D, Simon  R, Jongihlati  B, et al. Potential for maternally administered vaccine for infant group B Streptococcus. N Engl J Med. 2023;389:215–27. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar

Madhi  SA, Cutland  CL, Jose  L, Koen  A, Govender  N, Wittke  F, et al. Safety and immunogenicity of an investigational maternal trivalent group B Streptococcus vaccine in healthy women and their infants: a randomised phase 1b/2 trial. Lancet Infect Dis. 2016;16:923–34. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar

Antimicrobial Resistance Collaborators. Global burden of bacterial antimicrobial resistance in 2019: a systematic analysis. Lancet. 2022;399:629–55. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar

Winteler  C, Ardabili  S, Hodel  M, Stocker  M. A systematic review of perinatal antibiotic stewardship—where we are, where to go? J Perinatol. 2025;45:1411–22. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar

Da Cunha  V, Davies  MR, Douarre  PE, Rosinski-Chupin  I, Margarit  I, Spinali  S, et al. DEVANI Consortium. Streptococcus agalactiae clones infecting humans were selected and fixed through the extensive use of tetracycline. Nat Commun. 2014;5:4544. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar

Ding  Y, Wang  Y, Hsia  Y, Russell  N, Heath  PT. Systematic review and meta-analyses of incidence for group B Streptococcus disease in infants and antimicrobial resistance, China. Emerg Infect Dis. 2020;26:2651–9. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar

Navarro-Torné  A, Curcio  D, Moïsi  JC, Jodar  L. Burden of invasive group B Streptococcus disease in nonpregnant adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One. 2021;16:e0258030. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar

Sabroske  EM, Iglesias  MAS, Rench  M, Moore  T, Harvey  H, Edwards  M, et al. Evolving antibiotic resistance in group B streptococci causing invasive infant disease: 1970–2021. Pediatr Res. 2023;93:2067–71. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar

 

THE BLAZE

An 11-year-old cheerleader from Utah was “very medicated” by

NINTENDO LIFE

“That’s one of the most exciting things for us”

NASA NEWS

APOD Science APOD APOD: 2026 September 18 –… Today’s